Double Outrigger Canoe (Banca),
early 20th century
Zamboanga, Republic of the Philippines

Double outrigger canoes are found in only a few places around Indonesia and coastal Africa. Two outriggers balance the canoe under sail, but they limit the vessel to the coastal zone, for the system does not work well in open ocean. There are no rigid criteria governing the length of the canoe or the width of its outriggers. In fact many indigenous craft are simply based on the length and proportions of the builder’s own body.